1. Adulterated Specimen – A specimen that has been altered, as evidenced by test results showing either a substance that is not a normal constituent for that type of specimen or showing an abnormal concentration of an endogenous substance.

2. Air Blank – In evidential breath testing devices using gas chromatography technology, a reading of the device's internal standard. In all other evidential breath testing devices, a reading of ambient air containing no alcohol.
3. Alcohol – The intoxicating agent in beverage alcohol, ethyl alcohol or other low molecular weight alcohols, including methyl or isopropyl alcohol.
4. Alcohol Concentration – The alcohol in a volume of breath expressed in terms of grams of alcohol per 210 liters of breath as indicated by a breath test.
5. Alcohol Confirmation Test – A subsequent test using an evidential breath testing device, following a screening test with a result of 0.02 or greater that provides quantitative data about the alcohol concentration.
6. Alcohol Screening Device – A breath device, other than an evidential breath testing device, that is approved by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and placed on a conforming products list for such devices.
7. Alcohol Screening Test – An analytic procedure to determine whether an Employee Driver may have a prohibited concentration of alcohol in a breath specimen.
8. Alcohol Use – The drinking, swallowing or ingesting of any beverage, liquid mixture or preparation (including any medication) containing alcohol.
9. Breath Alcohol Technician – A person who instructs and assists Employee Drivers in the alcohol testing process and operates an evidential breath testing device.
10. Cancelled Test – A drug or breath alcohol test that has a problem identified that cannot be or has not been corrected. A Cancelled Test is neither a positive nor a negative test.
11. CDL – a Commercial driver's license is a driver’s license required to operate large, heavy or placarded hazardous material vehicles in commerce.
12. Certified Laboratory - A drug testing laboratory located in the United States that is certified by the Department of Health and Human Services under the National Laboratory Certification Program to perform testing on urine specimens.
13. Chain of Custody – The procedure used to document the handling of the urine specimen from the time the Employee Driver gives the urine specimen to the collector until the urine specimen is destroyed. This procedure uses the Federal Drug Testing Custody and Control form.
14. Collection Container – A container the Employee Driver urinates in to provide the urine specimen for a drug test.
15. Collection Site – A place selected by the University of Iowa where Employee Drivers present themselves for the purpose of providing a urine specimen for a drug test and/or a breath specimen for an alcohol test.
16. Collector – A person who instructs and assists an Employee Driver at a collection site, who receives and makes an initial inspection of the urine specimen provided by the Employee Driver and who initiates and completes the Federal Drug Testing Custody and Control form.
17. Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) – is a driver’ license required to operate large, heavy, or placarded hazardous material vehicles in commerce.
18. Confirmed Drug Test – A confirmation test result received by a Medical Review Officer from a certified laboratory.
19. Designated Employer Representative (DER) - The Designated Employer Representative is an Employee identified by the University of Iowa, and located within the Office of Risk Management, Insurance and Loss Prevention, who is authorized to:
    • Receive test results and communications for the University of Iowa.
    • Direct the department to remove an Employee Driver from safety-sensitive duties or cause an Employee Driver to be removed from these covered duties.
    • Make required decisions in the testing and evaluation processes.
20. Dilute Specimen – A urine specimen with creatinine and specific gravity values that are lower than expected for human urine.
21. Drugs – The drugs for which tests are required by U.S. DOT regulations are marijuana, cocaine, opiates, phencyclidine (PCP), and amphetamines.
22. Employee – Any University of Iowa faculty, staff, student or volunteer acting within the scope of their authority and responsibility as defined by their supervisor or any applicant for faculty, staff, student or volunteer positions.
23. Employee Driver – any Employee that is required to possess a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) and perform safety-sensitive functions as defined by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) and the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations
24. Evidential Breath Testing Device – A device approved by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration for the evidential testing of breath at the 0.02 and 0.04 alcohol concentrations, placed on National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s conforming products list for evidential breath measurement devices and identified on the conforming products list as conforming with the model specifications available from National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Traffic Safety Program.
25. Initial Drug Test (also known as a screening drug test) – The test used to differentiate a negative specimen from one that requires further testing for drugs.
26. Invalid Drug Test – The result reported by a Certified Laboratory in accordance with the criteria established by mandatory guidelines when a positive, negative, adulterated, or substituted result cannot be established for a specific drug or specimen validity test.
27. Licensed Medical Practitioner – A person licensed, certified and/or registered, in accordance with applicable federal, state, local, or foreign laws and regulations, to prescribe controlled substances and other drugs.
28. Local Human Resources Representative – human resources business partner for one or more department(s) under the direction of the Senior Human Resource Leader for the college/division
29. Medical Review Officer (MRO) – A person who is a licensed physician and who is responsible for receiving and reviewing laboratory results generated by the University’s drug testing program and evaluating medical explanations for certain drug test results.
30. Negative Test Result – The result reported by a Certified Laboratory to a Medical Review Officer when a urine specimen contains no drug or the concentration of the drug is less than the cutoff concentration for the drug and the specimen is a valid specimen. A Negative Test result also means Alcohol Concentration of less than 0.02.
31. Positive Test Result – The result reported by a Certified Laboratory to a Medical Review Officer when a urine specimen contains a drug equal to or greater than the cutoff concentrations. A Positive Test Result also means a urine specimen that is reported as adulterated or substituted, an invalid urine specimen, a refusal to test, or a breath alcohol test result that is 0.02 or greater.
32. Primary Specimen – In drug testing, the urine Specimen Bottle that is opened and tested by a Certified Laboratory to determine whether the Employee Driver has a drug in his/her system; and for the purpose of validity testing. The primary urine specimen is distinguished from the split specimen.
33. Risk Management – refers to the University of Iowa Office of Risk Management, Insurance, and Loss Prevention which may be contacted at 319-335-0010, 430 Plaza Centre One, risk-management@uiowa.edu, or riskmanagement.fo.uiowa.edu.
34. Screening Drug Test (also known as an initial drug test) – The test used to differentiate a negative specimen from one that requires further testing for drugs.
35.  Screening Test Technician – A person who instructs and assists Employee Drivers in the alcohol testing process and operates an alcohol screening device.
36. Senior Human Resources Leader – strategic business partner and functional leader for all human resources activities within a college/division, reporting to the Dean/VP (or designee) and to the Chief Human Resources Officer
37. Specimen Bottle – The bottle that, after being sealed and labeled according to the procedures, is used to hold the urine specimen during transportation to the certified laboratory.
38. Split Specimen – In drug testing, a part of the urine specimen that is sent to a Certified Laboratory and retained unopened and transported to a different Certified Laboratory in the event the Employee Driver requests it be tested following a verified positive test of the primary urine specimen or a verified adulterated or substituted test result.
39. Split Specimen Collection – A collection in which the urine collected is divided into two separate specimen bottles, the Primary Specimen (Bottle A) and the Split Specimen (Bottle B).
40. Substance Abuse Professional (SAP) – A person who evaluates Employee Drivers who have violated a U.S. DOT regulation and makes recommendations concerning prescribed education, rehabilitative treatment, aftercare, and follow-up testing.
41. Substituted Specimen – A urine specimen with creatinine and specific gravity values that are so diminished or so divergent they are not consistent with normal human urine.
42. Third-Party Administrator – A service agent that provides or coordinates the provision of a variety of drug and alcohol testing services to the University of Iowa. Third-party administrators typically perform administrative tasks concerning the operation of the University’s drug and alcohol testing program.
43. U.S. DOT – United States Department of Transportation.
44. Verified Test – A drug test result or validity testing result from a Certified Laboratory that has undergone review and final determination by the medical review officer.

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